RustQIP

利用图构建来构建高效量子电路仿真的量子计算库。

请查看GitHub仓库中的示例目录中的所有示例。

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Rust语言因其借用检查器与不可克隆定理非常相似，因此是量子计算的优秀语言。

请查看GitHub仓库中的示例目录。

示例（CSWAP）

这是一个示例，其中两个寄存器组在第三个寄存器条件下进行交换。这个电路非常小，只有三个操作加上一个测量，所以与比较时样板代码看起来可能相当大，但这样的设置提供了在电路变大的情况下轻松且安全地构建电路的能力。

use qip::prelude::*;
use std::num::NonZeroUsize;

// Make a new circuit builder.
let mut b = LocalBuilder::<f64>::default();
let n = NonZeroUsize::new(3).unwrap();

// Make three registers of sizes 1, 3, 3 (7 qubits total).
let q = b.qubit();  // Same as b.register(1)?;
let ra = b.register(n);
let rb = b.register(n);

// Define circuit
// First apply an H to q
let q = b.h(q);
// Then swap ra and rb, conditioned on q.
let mut cb = b.condition_with(q);
let (ra, rb) = cb.swap(ra, rb) ?;
let q = cb.dissolve();
// Finally apply H to q again.
let q = b.h(q);

// Add a measurement to the first qubit, save a reference so we can get the result later.
let (q, m_handle) = b.measure(q);

// Now q is the end result of the above circuit, and we can run the circuit by referencing it.

// Run circuit with a given precision.
let (_, measured) = b.calculate_state_with_init([( & ra, 0b000), ( & rb, 0b001)]);

// Lookup the result of the measurement we performed using the handle, and the probability
// of getting that measurement.
let (result, p) = measured.get_measurement(m_handle);

// Print the measured result
println!("Measured: {:?} (with chance {:?})", result, p);

程序宏

虽然Rust中包含的借用检查器是一个检查寄存器行为的出色工具，但它可能有些繁琐。因此，qip还包括一个宏，它提供了一个类似于您在量子计算教科书中看到的API。这被保护在macros特性之后。

use qip::prelude::*;
use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
use qip_macros::program;

fn gamma<B>(b: &mut B, ra: B::Register, rb: B::Register) -> CircuitResult<(B::Register, B::Register)>
    where B: AdvancedCircuitBuilder<f64>
{
    let (ra, rb) = b.toffoli(ra, rb)?;
    let (rb, ra) = b.toffoli(rb, ra)?;
    Ok((ra, rb))
}

let n = NonZeroUsize::new(3).unwrap();
let mut b = LocalBuilder::default();
let ra = b.register(n);
let rb = b.register(n);

let (ra, rb) = program!(&mut b; ra, rb;
    // Applies gamma to |ra[0] ra[1]>|ra[2]>
    gamma ra[0..2], ra[2];
    // Applies gamma to |ra[0] rb[0]>|ra[2]>
    // Notice ra[0] and rb[0] are grouped by brackets.
    gamma [ra[0], rb[0]], ra[2];
    // Applies gamma to |ra[0]>|rb[0] ra[2]>
    gamma ra[0], [rb[0], ra[2]];
    // Applies gamma to |ra[0] ra[1]>|ra[2]> if rb == |111>
    control gamma rb, ra[0..2], ra[2];
    // Applies gamma to |ra[0] ra[1]>|ra[2]> if rb == |110> (rb[0] == |0>, rb[1] == 1, ...)
    control(0b110) gamma rb, ra[0..2], ra[2];
)?;

我们还可以将此应用于接受其他参数的函数。在这里，gamma接受一个布尔参数skip，在寄存器之前传入。程序宏中函数的参数不得引用输入寄存器

use qip::prelude::*;
use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
use qip_macros::program;

fn gamma<B>(b: &mut B, skip: bool, ra: B::Register, rb: B::Register) -> CircuitResult<(B::Register, B::Register)>
    where B: AdvancedCircuitBuilder<f64>
{
    let (ra, rb) = b.toffoli(ra, rb)?;
    let (rb, ra) = if skip {
        b.toffoli(rb, ra)?
    } else {
        (rb, ra)
    };
    Ok((ra, rb))
}
let n = NonZeroUsize::new(3).unwrap();
let mut b = LocalBuilder::default();
let ra = b.register(n);
let rb = b.register(n);

let (ra, rb) = program!(&mut b; ra, rb;
    gamma(true) ra[0..2], ra[2];
    gamma(0 == 1) ra[0..2], ra[2];
)?;

反转宏

定义寄存器的函数及其逆函数通常很有用，#[invert]宏自动化了这一过程的大部分。

use qip::prelude::*;
use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
use qip_macros::*;
use qip::inverter::Invertable;

// Make gamma and its inverse: gamma_inv
#[invert(gamma_inv)]
fn gamma<B>(b: &mut B, ra: B::Register, rb: B::Register) -> CircuitResult<(B::Register, B::Register)>
    where B: AdvancedCircuitBuilder<f64> + Invertable<SimilarBuilder=B>
{
    let (ra, rb) = b.toffoli(ra, rb)?;
    let (rb, ra) = b.toffoli(rb, ra)?;
    Ok((ra, rb))
}

let n = NonZeroUsize::new(3).unwrap();
let mut b = LocalBuilder::default();
let ra = b.register(n);
let rb = b.register(n);

let (ra, rb) = program!(&mut b; ra, rb;
    gamma ra[0..2], ra[2];
    gamma_inv ra[0..2], ra[2];
)?;

要反转具有额外参数的函数，我们必须列出非寄存器参数。

use qip::prelude::*;
use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
use qip_macros::*;
use qip::inverter::Invertable;

// Make gamma and its inverse: gamma_inv
#[invert(gamma_inv, skip)]
fn gamma<B>(b: &mut B, skip: bool, ra: B::Register, rb: B::Register) -> CircuitResult<(B::Register, B::Register)>
    where B: AdvancedCircuitBuilder<f64> + Invertable<SimilarBuilder=B>
{
    let (ra, rb) = b.toffoli(ra, rb)?;
    let (rb, ra) = if skip {
        b.toffoli(rb, ra)?
    } else {
        (rb, ra)
    };
    Ok((ra, rb))
}

let n = NonZeroUsize::new(3).unwrap();
let mut b = LocalBuilder::default();
let ra = b.register(n);
let rb = b.register(n);

let (ra, rb) = program!(&mut b; ra, rb;
    gamma(true) ra[0..2], ra[2];
    gamma_inv(true) ra[0..2], ra[2];
)?;