Stack trait

具有 LIFO 元素 entry API 的 Stack trait。

示例

use stack_trait::{Stack, LIFOEntry};

// types are written explicitly for clarity
fn main() {
    let mut stack: Vec<i32> = vec![1, 2, 3];
    // When we push to the stack, we can get an "entry" object
    // that corresponds to the pushed element.
    let mut entry: LIFOEntry<'_, Vec<i32>> = stack.lifo_push(4);
    // This object can be dereferenced to get the shared
    // reference to the element.
    assert_eq!(*entry, 4);
    // We also can dereference LIFO entry mutably to get
    // the mutable reference to the element and change the
    // element.
    *entry = 5;
    // After this we can dereference it immutably again.
    assert_eq!(*entry, 5);
    // However, we must drop the entry before we can use
    // the stack again.
    drop(entry);
    assert_eq!(stack, vec![1, 2, 3, 5]);
    // In this case, we could be bold to use
    // `.lifo_unchecked()` unsafe method but the
    // boundary check at this unwrap should be
    // optimized out by the compiler.
    let entry = stack.lifo().unwrap();
    // In addition, we can pop the element from the stack
    assert_eq!(entry.pop_pointee(), 5);
    assert_eq!(stack, vec![1, 2, 3]);
}

如上所示，LIFOEntry<'a,C> 可以根据我们的意愿转换为 &'a C，&'a mut C 或甚至是 C。

注意

在编写本文时，此 trait 仅实现了 Vec<T>。然而，对于其他类型，如 ArrayVec<T> 的实现也受到欢迎。