sloth

此crate提供了一个类似于指针的泛型结构体 Lazy<T, Eval> 用于懒加载值。它可以用于计算成本高的值，以确保评估逻辑只运行一次，并且在需要时才运行。

例如

use sloth::Lazy;

fn get_expensive_string() -> String {
    // do something expensive here to obtain the result,
    // such as read and process file contents
    String::from("some expensive string we got from a file or something")
}

fn get_expensive_number() -> i32 {
    // do something expensive here to calculate the result,
    // such as build a supercomputer and wait 7.5 million years
    42
}

let lazy_string = Lazy::new(get_expensive_string);
let lazy_number = Lazy::new(get_expensive_number);

//...
let must_use_string = true;
//...

if must_use_string {
    println!("Expensive string is: {}", *lazy_string);
    println!("It has length: {}", lazy_string.len());

    // get_expensive_string() has been called only once,
    // get_expensive_number() has not been called
} else {
    println!("Expensive number is: {}", *lazy_number);
    println!("Its square is {}", lazy_number.pow(2));

    // get_expensive_string() has not been called,
    // get_expensive_number() has been called only once
}

可变 Lazy 的评估值可以被修改

use sloth::Lazy;

let mut lazy_vec = Lazy::new(|| vec![2, -5, 6, 0]);

lazy_vec.retain(|n| *n > 0);

assert_eq!(*lazy_vec, vec![2, 6]);

Lazy 可以通过 unwrap() 方法被消费并转换为其实际值

use sloth::Lazy;

let lazy_value = Lazy::new(|| "moo");

let output = String::from("a cow goes ") + lazy_value.unwrap();