resource_proof

crate	文档	CI

摘要

这个crate的目的是结合尝试在远程机器上验证资源的机制。然而，这种验证只是抽查，并且是尽力而为的。这并不保证随着时间的推移会准确，这一点必须清楚地告知crate的用户。

目的是提供一些表明机器具有某些能力的指示。

动机

在去中心化网络中，由于缺乏信任，一个打算加入的节点必须证明它能够满足网络的最低要求。这些资源要求由网络本身（最佳）或程序员设定。

在这样的网络中，必须假设加入的节点正在运行与现有节点不同的软件。

即使节点通过使用其他资源来帮助证明来抵消这个证明，这也可能不会有所帮助，因为网络应该使用持续的监控能力，并与这些“抽查”并行进行。

当前状态

在0.2.x版本中，这个crate执行了一些基本的检查，要求节点具有一些计算能力，并且能够传输一定量的数据（带宽检查）。

基于对Hashcash的变体，并增加了传输一定数据量的要求，这个库提供了一种类似于“工作量证明”的算法。这种工作要求迫使加入节点的节点执行一些计算和数据传输。预期的使用场景是在一定时间内完成工作并传输数据。可以提供两个证明，一个侧重于大量工作（难度），另一个侧重于带宽要求（大小）。这些在API中被组合，但不必作为单一证明使用，除非这个要求可以计算。

当前使用的哈希机制是sha3（keccak），这为机器“工作”提供了一些要求，但不是ASIC抗性。这个算法可能升级到类似于Equihash的东西，这可能会抵抗ASIC类型的解决方案，但重要的是它将允许对节点内存要求有更好的要求（这在此crate中尚未测量）。

未来也可能添加磁盘空间测量。

分析

有一个示例可以测试任何值，并允许对不同架构进行测量。这可以通过以下命令运行：cargo run --release --example analyse -- -h 这将允许用户玩难度和大小设置。难度是要求机器不断将零推到任何数据的前面，直到数据的哈希的起始位数为零。类似于一个常见的证明工作算法。

大小参数强制将提供的nonce重复，直到达到一定的字节数。然后将其作为证明传输回网络。

要找到证明，节点必须不断将零推到数据的前面（而不是后面，因为这很容易优化）。这迫使在每次哈希迭代中连续读取大量数据段。

以下是一些在台式Linux机器上的数据

小数据元素（36字节）

cargo run --release  -- -d 1 -s1024   -i
Running analysis ....
Difficulty = 1 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 1
Difficulty = 2 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 4
Difficulty = 3 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 4
Difficulty = 4 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 19
Difficulty = 5 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 85
Difficulty = 6 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 85
Difficulty = 7 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 85
Difficulty = 8 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 474
Difficulty = 9 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 474
Difficulty = 10 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 474
Difficulty = 11 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 1017
Difficulty = 12 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 1017
Difficulty = 13 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 4367
Difficulty = 14 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 4367
Difficulty = 15 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 4367
Difficulty = 16 size = 1024 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 4367
Difficulty = 17 size = 1024 create = 155 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 248184
Difficulty = 18 size = 1024 create = 154 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 248184
Difficulty = 19 size = 1024 create = 1508 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 787761
Difficulty = 20 size = 1024 create = 6087 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 1587092

约100MB数据

cargo run --release  --  -d=1 -s=102400000 -i
Running analysis ....
Difficulty = 1 size = 10485760 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 0
Difficulty = 2 size = 10485760 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 0
Difficulty = 3 size = 10485760 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 0
Difficulty = 4 size = 10485760 create = 0 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 0
Difficulty = 5 size = 10485760 create = 3 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 61
Difficulty = 6 size = 10485760 create = 3 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 61
Difficulty = 7 size = 10485760 create = 3 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 61
Difficulty = 8 size = 10485760 create = 3 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 61
Difficulty = 9 size = 10485760 create = 25 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 478
Difficulty = 10 size = 10485760 create = 25 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 478
Difficulty = 11 size = 10485760 create = 66 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 1268
Difficulty = 12 size = 10485760 create = 210 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 4032
Difficulty = 13 size = 10485760 create = 755 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 14860
Difficulty = 14 size = 10485760 create = 1039 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 20484
Difficulty = 15 size = 10485760 create = 1035 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 20484
Difficulty = 16 size = 10485760 create = 1849 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 36453
Difficulty = 17 size = 10485760 create = 2594 seconds check = 0 seconds num of attempts = 51130

重要的是，检查证明非常快，并且如果有足够的难度，创建证明将是劳动密集型的。这是一个关键的考虑因素，可以缓解去中心化/对等网络的一些攻击向量。这绝对不是一种安全解决方案，不应该在没有对节点的“行为”进行持续检查的情况下考虑。

许可证

此SAFE网络库根据您的选择在修改后的BSD许可证（LICENSE-BSD https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause）或MIT许可证（LICENSE-MIT http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT）下双许可。

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